In which situation do captive raptors require more food energy per day?

Captive raptors require more food energy per day in cold weather, during the molt, and when being flown hard due to the increased energy demands associated with each of these situations.

In cold weather, raptors need to generate additional body heat to maintain their normal body temperature, which results in higher energy expenditure compared to warmer conditions. This requires them to consume more food to meet their metabolic needs.

During the molt, when birds are shedding old feathers and growing new ones, their body goes through a physiological change that demands extra energy for feather production and the associated physical stress. Given that molting can take several weeks, the energy requirement increases significantly during this period.

When raptors are flown hard, meaning they are engaged in rigorous flying exercises or hunts, their muscular activity intensifies, thereby increasing their caloric needs. Increased physical exertion leads to greater energy consumption to support the heightened activity levels.

Because all these situations elevate a raptor's energy demands, the most comprehensive answer is that captive raptors require extra food energy in all these scenarios. Therefore, selecting the option that encompasses all these situations reflects a complete understanding of the raptors’ nutritional needs.